Intake manifold



Aug. 20, 1935. O BALL 2,011,994-

INTAKE MANIFOLD Filed May 23, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet l 2 IN V EN TOR. 3 FREDR/0/f 0. BA LL.

BY 7% 0 Y ATTORNEYS.

Aug. 20, 1935. O BALL 2,011,994

INTAKE MANIFOLD Filed May 23, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. FREDE/F/O/f 0. BALL.

ATTdRNEYS.

Patented Aug. 20, 1935 v UNITED STATES Ar INTAKE MANIFOLD Frederick 0;Ball, De Chrysler Corporation ration of Delaware trait. Mich assignor to v Detroit, Mich., a -corpo- Application May'23, 193;, Serial N6.1e12 ,92:7 a

i U 5Claiins. :This invention relates been improved internal combustion'engine intake manifold. V

Manifolds ofthis character generally include a distribution zone having a"-fuel mixture-inlet 5 and branches which extendfromthe zone of distribution to the fuel ports of a cylinder block. The shape of the passage in the fuel mixture inlet andthe contour of its wallsmaterially influences the fuel mixture delivering capacity of 1 the inlet. 1 The capacity: and flow characteristics.

ofjthe manifoldare improved by providing the fuel'mixture inlet with'a flaring end having walls of rounded ycontour adjacent the distribution zone. Such contour, however, encourages the creepage and flow of liquid fuel along the walls 'of the inletto the distribution zone from which, without proper precaution, it readily flows to the outlets-of the manifold branches and result in undesirable; irregular feeding of slugs of fuel in liquid state to engine. Y Y 3 v I "L'I'hemain objects of the invention are to provide means for preventing the fiowof fuelfin manifold which includes a distribution zonehav: ing a flaring fuel mixture inlet; to provide a fuel mixture inlet having a flaring end adjacent the distribution zone of the manifold which materially increases the fuel'mixture feeding capacity of associated; and to provide the inlet with'flaring side walls of rounded curvature so as to augment the area of those portionsof theiwalls of the mitting ithepassages through the dams to be equal tothe passagesextending throughout the mainlengths of the branches. j .Anillustr'ative embodiment of the invention is shownjiri theia'ccompanying drawings. in which:

.Fig. 1 is a'fragm'entary side elevation of a multiple cylinder internal combustion engine whichis equipped with my improved manifold.

the combustion chambers of the i liquid state along-the walls of the branches of a theinlet'and accordingly increases the horse power of the engine with which-the manifold is 7 "-Fig. 2-is a fragmentaryhorizontal sectional view; partlyin' elevation, taken on the line II.II or Fig.1. PM

Fig. 3 is a verticalsectional v line III-III of Fig. 2

Fig. 4 is a plan view, part1 tion; taken on thelineIV-IVof Fig. 2.

- Fig, 5 is a transverse vertical sectionalview taken on the line V--V of Fig. 3. r In the form shown,my improved intake iew taken on the y in horizont a1. Sec:

. mani- OF Q fold is illustratedin conjunction with amultiple' cylinder internal combustion engine i 6 whichincludes a cylinder block, H having Siamesed inlet ports, each communicating with two adjacent combustion chambers'ofthe engine. The mani I fold has a central distribution zone l2 from which branches i3; extend in respectively opposite-directions, The passages in the inner end portions M of the-branches B3 are somewhat larger in cross section than the cross-sectional areas of the passages in the main lengths of the branches. The portions I 5 of the passage connectingfthe enlarged end portions'M of the branches with the remaining parts thereof are substantially frustoconical in shape, The end portions of the branches extend substantially normal tothe length of the manifold and they are provided at their extremities-with flanges M5 for securingthe. manifold to the cylinder block H in the con-. -ventional manner. A manifold fora -cylinder engine requires only twobranches, but in the 6- vcylinder manifold"illustrated, a third branch: I! is provided which leads directly from the central portion of the sidewall of; the distribution zone [2 to-the'Siamesed inlet'ports of the intermediate pair of cylinders of the engine. Thebranch l7 has a flange IS on its outer extremity which is adapted tobei clamped against the side wall ofthe cylinder block it in'a conventional manner.

*;Communicating with the lower side 'of thedistribution zone 02 isa fuel mixture inlet. 89 having a flangeZil on its lower-extremityfor supporting a carburetor 2! which is provided with a flange 22 that is bolted or otherwisesuitably secured. to the flange 2E3 of the inlet riser. The

end 23- of the inlet. riser i9 which is adjacent to the distribution zone. [2 flares outwardly in three different directions and. has rounded rear and side walls .23 and 25,. respectively, of substantially circular curvature-which leadto the inner ends of the center branch H of them-anifold and to the side branches. l3 thereof, respectively; The rounded flaring walls of the inlet riseris materiallyreduce impedance'to the. l w, rru x i wc t h ce s i distribution zone and in this manner they increase the capacity of the manifold and accordingly increase the horse power of the engine with which the manifold is associated.

The flaring contour of the upper inlet riser and the rounded curvature of the walls thereof, however, tends to encourage the flow and creepage of the liquid fuel-:along the 5 walls of'the inlet riser to the distribution zone I2. In .order to prevent the admission of such fuel in aliquid state into the branches of the manifold, circular dams 26 are provided in the enlarged end-portions M of the branches*l3,

and a similar circular flange 2'I is formedin the central branch ll of the manifold. These 'circular dams have side faces 28 which prevent the flow of liquid fuel from the surfaces of .the walls of the distribution zone IE! to the surfaces of the tive branches of the manifold. The dams. also have sharply defined edges liquid fuel that accumulates adjacent the side faces 28 may be blown off and introduced into the central portions of the passages of the'manifold by the velocity. of the fuel mixture fiowing therethrough. By forming the dams in'the enlarged end portions M of the branches it is possible to provide passages 30 through the dams which are equal in cross-sectional area to' the:

lengths of the cross-sectional area of the main passages. With this construction the dams effectively prevent the flow of liquid fuel along the walls of the passages and direct the liquid fuel into the central portions of the fuel mixture courses without obstructing the flow of fuel mixture.

I e If desired, further precaution against the ad-,

mission of slugs of liquid fuel to the combustion chamber of an engine can be taken by providing a continuous circular dam 8 slightly in advance of the outletof each outer 'end portion of thef br anche sl3. The walls 9 of -the endportions are belled outwardly at the locations of the dams 8 so as to preserve the capacity of the fuel mixture passage and to subject the streams of fuel mixture to a reduction in velocity just before they reach the dams, the velocity being increased as the fuel mixture streams pass throughrthe circular dams.' The radially disposed faces of the dams prevent the flow and creepage of liquid fuel alongthe'walls of the branch-passages to the outlets, thereof and the change in velocity of the fueTmiXture streams produces a turbulence which causes the liquid fuel which is: arrested by the dams to be broken up into fine particles and thoroughly distributed throughout the central portions of the fuel mixture streams.- The amount of protrusion of the dams 8, 26, and 21 from the inner surfaces'of the wall portions of the fuelpassages adjacent the dams can be varied to produce an equal distribution of fuel through the three outlets of the manifold.

An exhaust gasreceiVing chamber 3| having external walls 32. is provided around the distribution zone l2 for heating the fuel mixture with this construction the I part of then 75 and aiding in the vaporization thereof. The inner wall of this chamber and the wall of the distributionzone arelcommon andpart of the flaring wall '23 of the intake riser l9 is'common with the inner wall of the chamber 3|.

of the intake riserfare effectively heated and these Walls and end of the dams 26 and 2'! to surge l2 and inlet riser walls of the respec-1 29 from which the tion communicating with said "tionincluding inner wall surfaces'of rounded flaring rounded walls a ofliquid fuel which creeps along which accumulates adjacent the side faces 28 of the dams is vaporized. The reversal in the direction of flow of fuel mixture in the passages of the manifold, due to the alternate suction impulses created by the strokes of the pistons in the various cylinders of the engine, causes the fuel which is arrested by the back and forth over the rounded wall portions of the inlet manifoldfuntil the .fuel is vaporized by the heat derived from the exhaust gases or diverted by the dams into the central portions of the streams of fuel mixture flowing through the branches.

With a manifold of the above construction,

the advantages: of the flaring contour of the end of the riseradjacent the distribution zone are obtained, the distribution of the fuel is improved, and .thepassage of fuel in a liquid state to the engine is effectively guarded against.

Although but one specific embodiment of the invention is hereinshown and described, it will ice-understood that various changes in the size, shape and arrangement of parts may be made without departing from the spirit -'of -my invention-and it is not my intention to ,lirnitits scope other than by'the term's'of the appendedclaims.

Vv'hat I claim is: v I v l. i l-manifold including a fuel mixture inlet having a' flaring discharge end portion cofmunicating with said'distribution zone, branches leading from said distribution zone having-a substantially] unobstructed path for fuel mixture, and dams in the inlet ends of said branches adjacent said distribution zone extendingftowards the centers of said branches having passages therethrough substanthe passages in saidbranches. l a c 2. A manifold including a distribution zone, tubular branches leading from said distribution zone having portions of their passages adjacent the distribution zone of larger cross sectional area than the cross-sectional area of the main lengthsof said passages, andring-likedarns in the portions of said passages of larger cross sectional" area extending inwardly toward the centers of said branches and terminating substantially in alignment with the internal surface of the main length of said passages, said dams having openings therethrough substantially equal inarea to the cross sectional area of the main lengths of said passages.

3. A manifold including a distribution zone, a fuel mixture inlet having a flaring end porzone of distribucontour, tubular branches leading from said zone of distribution having portions of their passages adjacent the distribution zone of larger cross sectional, area than the cross sectional area of the main lengths of said passages, and ring-like damsgin the portions of said passages of larger cross "sectional area extending inwardly toward the centers of said branches and having openings 'therethrough substantially equal in area to the cross sectional area of the main lengths of said passages.

A. A 'manifold including a distribution zone and having tubular branches leading therefrom for conveying fuel mixture to an engine, the ends of said branches adjacent said distribution zone being provided with passages of larger cross sec-.- tion than'that'of the passages of the main lengths of said branches,- and a' ring shaped dam in the end of each branch adjacent said distribution zone having aside face substantially normal to distribution zone, a

tially equal incapacity to the main lengths of of the passage of the main length of said branch, and a dam in the portion of the passage .of said branch of greater cross section having aside face substantially normal to thesurface of the internal wall of said branch and having a sharply defined inner edge located substantially in alignment with the walls of the passage'of the j main length of said branch.

FREDERICK 0. BALL. 

